**DeepMask** is an object proposal algorithm based on a convolutional neural network. Given an input image patch, DeepMask generates a class-agnostic mask and an associated score which estimates the likelihood of the patch fully containing a centered object (without any notion of an object category). The core of the model is a ConvNet which jointly predicts the mask and the object score. A large part of the network is shared between those two tasks: only the last few network
layers are specialized for separately outputting a mask and score prediction.

**Anycost GAN** is a type of generative adversarial network for image synthesis and editing. Given an input image, we project it into the latent space with encoder $E$ and backward optimization. We can modify the latent code with user input to edit the image. During editing, a sub-generator of small cost is used for fast and interactive preview; during idle time, the full cost generator renders the final, high-quality output. The outputs from the full and sub-generators are visually consistent during projection and editing.

Anycost GAN

Anycost GANs for Interactive Image Synthesis and Editing

DeepMask

Learning to Segment Object Candidates via Recursive Neural Networks

The **focal self-attention** is built to make Transformer layers scalable to high-resolution inputs.  Instead of attending all tokens at fine-grain, the approach attends the fine-grain tokens only locally, but the summarized ones globally. As such, it can cover as many regions as standard self-attention but with much less cost. An image is first partitioned into patches, resulting in visual tokens. Then a patch embedding layer, consisting of a convolutional layer with filter and stride of same size, to project the patches into hidden features. This spatial feature map in then passed to four stages of focal Transformer blocks. Each focal Transformer block consists of $N_i$ focal Transformer layers. Patch embedding layers are used in between to reduce spatial size of feature map by factor 2, while feature dimension increased by 2.

Source	Learning to Segment Object Candidates via Recursive Neural Networks
Year	2000
Data Source	CC BY-SA - https://paperswithcode.com