**Location-based Attention** is an attention mechanism in which the alignment scores are computed from solely the target hidden state $\mathbf{h}\_{t}$ as follows:

$$ \mathbf{a}\_{t} = \text{softmax}(\mathbf{W}\_{a}\mathbf{h}_{t}) $$

**Video-Audio-Text Transformer**, or **VATT**, is a framework for learning multimodal representations from unlabeled data using [convolution](https://paperswithcode.com/method/convolution)-free [Transformer](https://paperswithcode.com/method/transformer) architectures. Specifically, it takes raw signals as inputs and extracts multidimensional representations that are rich enough to benefit a variety of downstream tasks. VATT borrows the exact architecture from [BERT](https://paperswithcode.com/method/bert) and [ViT](https://paperswithcode.com/method/vision-transformer) except the layer of tokenization and linear projection reserved for each modality separately. The design follows the same spirit as ViT that makes the minimal changes to the architecture so that the learned model can transfer its weights to various frameworks and tasks.

VATT linearly projects each modality into a feature vector and feeds it into a Transformer encoder. A semantically hierarchical common space is defined to account for the granularity of different modalities and noise contrastive estimation is employed to train the model.

VATT

VATT: Transformers for Multimodal Self-Supervised Learning from Raw Video, Audio and Text

Location-based Attention

Effective Approaches to Attention-based Neural Machine Translation

**Multi-scale Progressive Fusion Network** (MSFPN) is a neural network representation for single image deraining. It aims to exploit the correlated information of rain streaks across scales for single image deraining. 

Specifically, we first generate the Gaussian pyramid rain images using Gaussian kernels to down-sample the original rain image in sequence. A coarse-fusion module (CFM) is designed to capture the global texture information from these multi-scale rain images through recurrent calculation (Conv-[LSTM](https://paperswithcode.com/method/lstm)), thus enabling the network to cooperatively represent the target rain streak using similar counterparts from global feature space. Meanwhile, the representation of the high-resolution pyramid layer is guided by previous outputs as well as all low-resolution pyramid layers. A finefusion module (FFM) is followed to further integrate these correlated information from different scales. By using the channel attention mechanism, the network not only discriminatively learns the scale-specific knowledge from all preceding pyramid layers, but also reduces the feature redundancy effectively. Moreover, multiple FFMs can be cascaded to form a progressive multi-scale fusion. Finally, a reconstruction module (RM) is appended to aggregate the coarse and fine rain information extracted respectively from CFM and FFM for learning the residual rain image, which is the approximation of real rain streak distribution.

Source	Effective Approaches to Attention-based Neural Machine Translation
Year	2000
Data Source	CC BY-SA - https://paperswithcode.com